HINODE SONDA

Astronomical results that are presented to the public today - bring a lot of new knowledge related to space. In addition to our Milky Way, the development of technology has led to the discovery of stellar planets in other galaxies. But not all the characteristics of our star - the Sun - have been learned yet. One of the most serious projects to test the characteristics of the Sun, began on September 22, 2006, when the Japanese probe - Hinode - was launched. Set in orbit at an altitude of approximately 680 kilometers, this orbit allows the observation of the Sun constantly nine months a year. The mission began in October 2006 as well. The Hinode probe explores the Sun's magnetic fields in order to understand what drives solar eruptions and the solar atmosphere. Three essential instruments: the Solar Optical Telescope, the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer and the X-ray Telescope - have met their goals. The magnetic activities of the Sun, energy transfer, and the release of magnetic energy were investigated. Extremely detailed videos of the Sun's surface and magnificent activities on the Sun were also made. The video shows what I'm talking about. Join our FB astro group: Learn Astronomy Astrophotography

UY SCUTI

The fascinating sight of the starry sky is something beautiful the human eye can see. But after a while, observers wonder - which star is the biggest of them all in the sky. Since we only see the Milky Way stars with the naked eye, we can only talk about our galaxy. One of the biggest (if not the biggest) is the mighty UY Scuti star. The diameter of the UY Scuti is 2,376,852,800 kilometers, and is 5070 light-years away from the solar system, or about 1555 parsecs. To help you understand the UY Scuti size - we give the reduced true dimensions. If we imagine that the Earth is 20cm in size, the Sun is 22 meters, UY Scuti is big - believe it or not 40 kilometers. Although so large, UY Scuti does not see the naked eye with an apparent magnitude of 11.2. But with a small telescope, you can find this great giant in the direction of the constellation Scutum. The star is in a cloud of dust and gas, and to date no planets have been found around it. UY Scuti is classified as a pulsating star, and its brightness changes over a period of 740 days. How far is it from us? The New Horizons spacecraft travels at a speed of about 53100 kph. When flying in the direction of UY Scuti, it would reach that star in just over 103 million years. Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy 

LAGRANGE POINT

The problem of the relation of three objects in space is formulated in Lagrangian mechanics. Joseph-Louis Lagrange focused on the interplay of the three objects. One that is negligibly small compared to two large. Two massive ones (A1 and A2) and a small object (B) have interesting influences that I write about today. Suppose A1 is slightly larger than A2 object, and that about A2 rotates a small B body. A2 and B move together around the common rotation center A1 and A2 of the object. By circular motion around their common center of mass (although they are influenced by gravitational pulls) - A1 and A2 will not fall on top of each other. Due to the large A1 and A2 masses relative to the B object, they gravitationally attract that small object. Since A1 is slightly larger than A2, A2 rotates with B about A1. The B body rotates about A1 together with A2, which is why, in addition to its gravitational influence, the B body is also subjected to centrifugal force. The vector addition of all these forces at each point in space yields an interesting result. At five points this sum equals zero. If a B object (or any other small body) is found at one of those five points - that object remains "forever" at that point, and without the influence of large objects. These points are called Langrangian points. Because they are "unaffected by forces", these points are ideal for stationing telescopes, satellites, and other scientific devices. The powerful James Webb Space Telescope is expected to be mounted in the Langrangian point of the Earth-Sun system. Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy  

ALDEBARAN - AD-DABARAN

This beautiful orange-red star is located in the constellation Taurus. Aldebaran dominates the Taurus and is the fourteenth brightest star in the night sky. The apparent magnitude of the star is 0.87 and the absolute magnitude is -0.65. Aldebaran is a wonderful star that fascinates astronomers and all other star-sky lovers with its beauty. Due to its bright glow, it is easy to find with the naked eye and you do not need a telescope to enjoy the beauty of Aldebaran. Compared to our Sun - this star is about 44 times larger, and more massive than the Sun by 1.16 times. As you can see, Aldebaran is much bigger than our star. If we had Aldebaran instead of our Sun, it would be halfway between Sun and Mercury. Of course, then life on Earth would be impossible because of the heat that was coming to us. Aldebaran is relatively close to Earth. Because of the huge distances of objects in space - yet 65.12 light years is really close to Earth. Aldebaran distance can be expressed in other distance measures. Aldebaran is 19.96 parsecs or 4,213,960 AI (astronomical units) away from Earth. I hope this information helps you understand the distance between Aldebaran and Earth. However, don't be fooled by the statement that this is a star - just near Earth. There are many stars that are much closer than Aldebaran. You can try to understand the distance through the number of years it takes to travel from Earth to that star. We have been traveling at the speed of light at Aldebaran for 65.12 years. Traveling at a speed of sound for about 58,250,000 years, and by car for about 372,470,000 years. Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy 

WHAT IS ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE?

The stars you see in the sky have their own glow that is defined through apparent magnitude. However, the scale of apparent magnitude does not provide enough information to be able to at least approximately know the true glow of a star, galaxy, or other object in space. The apparent magnitude is the scale of the luminosity of these objects in the sky, exactly as we see them from Earth. Because the stars are not the same distance, there can be a lot of confusion and errors when watching. An apparent magnitude can give the result that it is a low-light star, but it does not have to be realistically so. Because of the incredibly long distances, many stars or galaxies give off less light even though their radiance is many times greater than the stars close to us. Scientific observations produce results that are quite different from the apparent splendor. By introducing Absolute Magnitude, astronomers have helped to more easily grasp the true radiance of an object in space. The absolute magnitude is the intensity of light that a star or galaxy would have if it were located 10 parsecs or 32.6 light-years from Earth. This is very easy to understand. When a star or galaxy is mentioned to have an absolute magnitude of -7, it means that the object would have a -7 glow if it were at a distance of 32.6 light-years (10 parsecs) from Earth. Because of the different approach to glow measurement (apparent and absolute magnitude), many people were confused by all this. Now that is all easier to understand. A star may have an apparent magnitude of 3 due to distance, but knowing its true radiance and setting it to an imaginary 10 parsecs - it can drastically change the value of a glow. It can even go into extremely bright stars, and from an apparent magnitude of 3 (the one we see from Earth) - to 10 parsecs is -7. In doing so, these stars would even outweigh the radiance and planets of the solar system. I'm stating that the absolute magnitude of stars can be from -11 to +17, and the glow of some galaxies to incredibly bright -24. And lastly, I would mention two famous stars from the constellation Orion and a comparison with our star - the Sun. At a distance of 10 parsecs - Betelgeuse would have an absolute magnitude of -5.6, Rigel -7.0 and Sun 4.83. And now you can understand how much Betelgeuse and Rigel are brighter than the Sun, and how wonderful the stars are in the sky above us. Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy  

WHAT IS APPARENT MAGNITUDE ?

Astronomy today defines two types of magnitude. Apparent and absolute magnitude. In the text that follows, I'm telling you about the apparent magnitude. About the absolute magnitude soon .... Looking at the starry sky, you notice that the stars shine with a different glow. Some are dominantly bright and some are barely visible. In the time before the telescope appeared, people relied on their star observations for what they saw with their eyes. They divided the star into six categories. Even then, we can say, at six different brightnesses of stars - six magnitudes. Twenty brightest stars were declared as 1 category, and stars were rated up to 6 stars as the least visible. The smaller the number, the brighter the star. A person with good vision, in a dark place and under clear skies, can see the glow of stars up to sixth magnitude. In the 18th century, astronomers found that a 6 magnitude star was 100 times darker than a 1 magnitude star. By this logic, they concluded that the star of the first magnitude was 2,512 times brighter than the star of the second magnitude. Pure logarithmic scale. When telescopes appeared, astronomers realized that there were billions of other stars they had never seen before. They realized that there were higher magnitudes because they saw stars of even lower gloss than sixth magnitude. Let's repeat. The weaker the star, the greater its magnitude. At that time, the brightness scale of the stars was made, from the brightest to the least visible. When they looked at the planets, the moon, and especially the sun - many wondered how to rank these objects on a scale. It was logical that due to the much stronger shine - the scale goes "minus". Each category increases brightness with negative numbers also by 2,512 times. This is how brighter stars, planets, the moon, and the sun line up. The brightest star Sirius has a magnitude of -1.44, a full moon of -12.6, and the sun as much as -26.8 magnitude. Astronomers initially fixed the Polaris star for a magnitude scale. However, the Polaris star is a variable glow and they have taken the Vega star. Today, a zero point is defined, defined by a whole set of stars. I mention something phenomenal - the Hubble Telescope registers stars that are 1.58 billion times weaker than some 1 magnitude star. Here you see a table for the star category darker than the star -1 category. Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy

PARSEC

I recently wrote a text about the light year. Now let me clarify Parsec. It is another astronomical unit of measure by which we can find out the distance of objects in space. However, because of the size of the universe and in order to make it easier to understand the distances of the stars - astronomers have adopted a new unit of measure - parsec. One parsec is approximately 31 trillion kilometers or 19 trillion miles. And one parsec is about 3.26 light-years. The question is why 3.26 light years? Before answering, you should know what parallax is. This is so easy to answer. Place your middle finger in front of your face, and look at it with your right eye only. Now look at the same finger (not moving) with your left eye only. You will notice that the finger moves from left to right, relative to the background. This apparent shift is called parallax. If you measure the angle at which your finger moves, you can understand how far your finger is from your face. In the same way astronomy measures the distance of a star. Because of long distances, astronomers use the motion of the Earth around the sun for calculations. As the Earth revolves around the sun, every six months it is on the opposite side from where it was six months ago. At some point, astronomers register the position of a star in the sky. They do the same after six months when Earth is on the other side of the sun. If the star is relatively close, then the view from one side or the other of Earth's orbit will make the star move slightly. Because astronomers know that the distance between these two positions of Earth is 2 AU (two Earth distances from the Sun) and by measuring the angle - they get the distance of the star. What is a parsec? It is the distance to a star whose angle of parallax (explained above) - fixed one arc second. Logically, the parallax angles are very small in these cases. That is why they are usually measured in arc seconds. One degree has 3600 arcsec. From Earth (and counted with this technique) - one parsec is about 3.26 light-years. Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy

LIGHT YEAR

One light year equals the distance a beam of light travels in one year in space vacuum. Since light travels in vacuum at a speed of approximately 299792458 metres per second, light travels an absolutely inconceivable distance of 9500 billion kilometers in a year. The letters are written - nine and a half thousand billion kilometers - just one light year. Light from the Sun that is close to 150 million kilometers travels for 8 minutes and 20 seconds. From the moon a second and a half. This means that you see the Sun with a delay of 8 minutes and 20 seconds. If a catastrophe were to occur in the sun, you would still see the sun as if nothing had happened. But don't be fooled by this, as the distances from the sun and moon are still bearable. Where are we? Our closest Proxima Centauri star is about 4.3 light-years away. When we see this star today, we actually see her as she was 4.3 years ago. Proxima Centauri distance calculation from Earth: 9500 x 4.3 = 40850 billion kilometers. Forty thousand, eight hundred and fifty billion km to the Earth closest to the star. Inconceivable distances that our mind cannot comprehend. The MACS0647 Galaxy is one of the remotest objects we have ever seen. It is as much as 13.3 billion light years away, and it took so much light to reach us. This means that we see her as she looked in the past very shortly after the Big Bang. Where she is now no one can assume. In these expanses, the light year loses its meaning. Parsec is a unit of measurement that should help with this, but about this another time ... Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy

 

CONSTELLATIONS

This is basically a specific area of ​​the celestial sphere, where humans have apparently linked stars into recognizable shapes. In 1922, the names for 88 different constellations were agreed upon. They defined the celestial vault into different areas. Due to the specific position of the stars, their sizes are not equal. The basic division is into the constellations of the northern and southern hemispheres. Related to this, observers from the northern hemisphere do not see the southern sky, and observers from the southern hemisphere do not see the northern sky. Due to the rotation of the Earth, the sky above us is constantly shifting and there is a division of constellations into: winter, spring, summer and autumn. The exceptions are Circumpolar constellations. The apparent rotation of stars in the sky in the northern hemisphere revolves around the star Polaris, and it is located near the north celestial pole. Circumpolar constellations are those constellations near the north or south celestial poles that never fall below the horizon of the hemisphere from which they are observed. The circumpolar constellations of the Northern Hemisphere are: Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Cassiopeia, Cepheus, and Draco. The Circumpolar constellations of the Southern Hemisphere are: Carina, Centaurus and Crux. Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy

ANTARES (ALPHA SCORPII)

This is the brightest star seen with the naked eye in the constellation Scorpio. With an absolute magnitude of -5.28 and a distance of 604 light years, Antares is the 16th brightest star in the entire sky. The mass of the star is from 15 to 18 solar masses and is approximately 883 times the radius of the sun. The light of Antares is 65,000 times that of the sun. I'll try to clarify to you the size of Antares. If placed in the center of the solar system, Antares' outer surface would lie between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Antares has a secondary star of the companion Antares B, but because of Antares' brilliance, it is difficult to see in small telescopes. Sometimes Antares B can be seen in openings larger than 150 mm (5.9 inches). Antares is seen shining beautifully over the south during the summer months of June through September.  Learn Astronomy and Astrophotography. I have really nice ideas for this my youtub channel. Do Subscribe and join here ... Learn Astronomy